Microfinance in Ukraine plays a crucial role in supporting small businesses and entrepreneurs, particularly in a country facing significant economic challenges compounded by conflict. It provides access to financial services for individuals and businesses often excluded from traditional banking systems, fostering economic growth and resilience. Before the full-scale invasion, the microfinance sector in Ukraine was steadily growing. It offered a range of services including microloans, savings accounts, and financial literacy training. These services were especially vital in rural areas and for vulnerable populations, such as internally displaced persons (IDPs) and women entrepreneurs, who often lack collateral or credit history required by conventional banks. Microfinance institutions (MFIs) focused on providing small loans for various purposes, including agricultural production, trade, and small-scale manufacturing. The ongoing conflict has dramatically impacted the microfinance landscape. Many MFIs have been forced to suspend operations in conflict zones or relocate to safer areas. The disruption of supply chains, displacement of populations, and overall economic instability have significantly increased the risk associated with lending. Despite these challenges, many MFIs have demonstrated remarkable resilience and adaptability. One of the key challenges is the increased risk of loan defaults. Many borrowers have lost their livelihoods or assets due to the war, making it difficult to repay their loans. To mitigate this risk, MFIs are implementing various strategies, including restructuring loans, offering grace periods, and providing financial counseling to borrowers. Some are also exploring innovative approaches, such as leveraging technology to reach remote borrowers and assess creditworthiness using alternative data sources. International organizations and development agencies are playing a vital role in supporting the microfinance sector in Ukraine during this challenging time. They provide funding, technical assistance, and training to MFIs to help them maintain operations and adapt to the changing environment. These organizations also work to promote financial inclusion and expand access to microfinance services for vulnerable populations. Looking ahead, the microfinance sector has a critical role to play in the reconstruction and recovery of Ukraine. As businesses strive to rebuild and adapt to the new economic realities, access to microfinance will be essential for stimulating economic activity and creating jobs. MFIs can provide the necessary capital for small businesses to invest in new equipment, expand their operations, and adapt to changing market demands. However, significant challenges remain. Rebuilding infrastructure, restoring financial stability, and addressing the ongoing security risks are crucial for the long-term sustainability of the microfinance sector. Continued support from international organizations and a commitment from the Ukrainian government to foster a favorable regulatory environment will be essential for enabling microfinance to play its full potential in the country’s recovery. Furthermore, focusing on financial literacy and responsible lending practices will be key to ensuring that microfinance benefits borrowers and contributes to sustainable economic development in Ukraine.